November birthstone topaz
Topaz (topaz) is a hydrous aluminosilicate mineral with the chemical formula Al2[SiO4](F,OH)2. The ratio of F and (OH) in the composition varies. It belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system. The crystal shape is mostly rhombic columnar, with vertical lines on the columnar surface. The aggregate shape is columnar, granular, or massive. The colors are colorless, light yellow, dark yellow, brown, sky blue, pink, red, light green and brown. Glass luster, transparent to translucent. The refractive index is 1.619-1.627, the birefringence is 0.008-0.010, and the dispersion is 0.014. Clear pleochroism. Hardness 8, density 3.49-3.57 g/cubic centimeter. Cleavage development, brittle nature. Under the irradiation of long- and short-wave ultraviolet rays, topaz (topaz) of various colors shows different fluorescence. According to color, it can generally be divided into wine yellow, colorless, blue, green and red topaz. Among them, the fine deep yellow ones are the most precious, and the yellower the color, the better. Followed by blue, green and red ones. Blue topaz and yellow topaz, which are natural colorless topaz treated with radiation heating, have been put into the market in large quantities. Their colors are elegant and bright, and their properties are stable. All characteristics are basically the same as natural topaz and cannot be identified.
Topaz (topaz) not only has the charming and beautiful colors of autumn, but is also a gemstone with many colors, such as bright orange-yellow like snow pear, noble violet, flame-like red, cheerful blue, elegant Light green, even colorless like water drops...
Historically, Topaz (topaz) was a gem that was difficult to find, just like the small island that was often foggy and almost difficult to find. Not only that, Topaz (topaz) is also a gemstone that is most easily confused with other gemstones. It is often mistaken for other gemstones. For example, in the Portuguese royal jewelry mentioned above, it was mistaken for a diamond. Topas, this very exotic name, seems to have told the mystery of the gem it is called.
For a long time, it was generally believed that Topas were all yellow. The jewelry industry in Mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan has long been accustomed to refer to Topaz as "topaz" or "topaz". In fact, pure Topaz (Topaz) is colorless; colored Topaz (Topaz) includes blue, light green, and all colors in the spectrum from yellow to common Sydney orange, pink, and even There is also an extremely rare red color.
Although there were records of Topaz (topaz) in ancient Egyptian and Roman documents, until the Middle Ages, Topaz was not very famous and was only occasionally used by the royal family or the church. But by the 18th century, Topaz became famous and in France and Spain, Topaz and diamonds were set in many magnificent jewelry. In the early 19th century, necklaces, earrings and other jewelry made of topaz and amethyst were popular in France and England. Topas remained one of the most popular gemstones during the Victorian era. The famous jewelers between World War I and World War II also attached great importance to Topaz. Topaz has always been regarded as the best yellow gemstone and has always been deeply loved by people.
On the Mohs hardness scale, the hardness standard of Topaz (topaz) is 8; the luster of colorless Topaz (topaz) is excellent, and the colorless Topaz (topaz) that is well-turned is as radiant as a diamond. Among the Portuguese royal jewelry, there is a 1,680-carat gemstone. The brilliance of this gemstone is fascinating. For centuries, it has been named after the royal family and is known as the "Braganza Diamond". Experts identified it as a colorless and impurity-free Topaz. Colorless Topaz with such large particles and such good quality is indeed rare and worthy of royal collection.
In the 11th century, Europeans believed that Topaz (topaz) could treat eye diseases. They soaked Topaz (topaz) in wine for three days and three nights, and then used it to massage the diseased eyes. General eye diseases, even amblyopia, have good curative effects. The "Book of Wings" from the third century Europe records that topas engraved with falcon patterns can help the wearer, especially those with power, cultivate friendly feelings. In later literature, it is recorded that Topaz (topaz) can cure madness, increase a person's wisdom and prudence, and is a coolant for boiling water and rage. Topas are prized for their colour, clarity and hardness.
The physical properties of Topaz (topaz) are very unique. Its surface is as beautiful and smooth as velvet, and it is very dazzling; its quality can range from a few carats to hundreds of kilograms of large stones.
Color and clarity are two important factors in evaluating Topaz (topaz). Red Topaz (topaz) is extremely rare and is the most expensive Topaz; Sydney Topaz has a gorgeous color and has always been loved by people. Prices are also higher for pear-colored (brown, orange, reddish-brown) and pink topas. The commonly used Topaz in the Western jewelry industry refers specifically to yellow Topaz. This term is used to distinguish yellow Topaz from other colors of Topaz.
Topaz is also the birthstone of November. Since the main color of Topaz, "yellow", symbolizes peace and friendship in culture, yellow Topaz is also known as the "Stone of Friendship", representing sincerity and friendship. Persistent love means beauty and intelligence. was given to express people's desire for long-term friendly coexistence.
Topaz can generally be divided into wine yellow, colorless, blue, green and red topaz based on color. Among them, the fine deep yellow ones are the most precious, and the yellower the color, the better. Followed by blue, green and red ones. The darker the color, the higher the transparency, and the larger the block, the better the topaz.
Because topaz crystals are usually elongated or columnar, they are often cut into oblong or pear shapes to increase the yield. If the rough color is bright, cutters often choose an emerald cut because this cutting style maximizes luster while retaining most of the weight. Topaz is cut in a variety of shapes and can be cut in a variety of styles. Production involves cutting all standard gemstone shapes such as oval, pear, round, cushion, triangle, marquise, emerald cut as well as designer inspired shapes.
The clear topaz is like a "clear stream" in the gem world. Some people say it is a substitute for first-line precious jewelry. For example, colorless topaz will be used as a substitute for diamonds; another example is the common blue topaz, which will be used as a functional replacement for aquamarine or sapphire. Although it is often considered a substitute, its excellent permeability and beauty are its biggest advantages. From the perspective of cost-effectiveness, topaz is very worth buying!